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Vol. 20 (2017 year), No. 1, DOI: 10.21443/1560-9278-2017-20-1/1

Mel'nikov N. N., Kalashnik A. I., Kalashnik N. A., Zaporozhets D. V.
The use of modern methods for complex studies of the hydrotechnical structures of the Barents Sea region

The Barents region hydrotechnical structures (HTS) as part of the bulk earth dams and levees tailings of mining enterprises in terms of requirements of the responsible entities have been considered. The brief review of emergencies and accidents of HTS with an analysis of their causes and geo-ecological consequences has been fulfilled. The necessity and urgency of the application of modern techniques for comprehensive research and monitoring of the HTS state have been shown: geo-fluid mechanics computer modeling, subsurface georadar sensing, GPS geodetic measurements, optical and radar satellite imagery. Joint use of GPR and satellite imagery in combination with traditional engineering-geological, hydro-geological and geodetic studies allows obtaining a more complete picture of the HTS state taking into account local and regional geological and fluid dynamic processes. The system structure of HTS complex researches which creates a scientific and technical basis for researching the geologic-geophysical environment, shifts, deformations and power influence has been developed. This allows to reveal the hidden filtration and deformation zones in HTS at early stages of their formation and in due time to make the administrative decision on prevention and localization of any emergency. Application of modern methods for HTS complex researches will allow to receive operational information on their state, parametrical sizes of volume, angular and linear deformations and movements, intensity of natural and technogenic influence. The obtained data have to be integrated in the "Database and Parameters" geoportal by means of which their logical processing and comparison to standard and extreme values has to be carried out. On this basis expert assessment of the current and expected state of HTS is carried out and the operating decisions including on development, in case of need, of preventive and protective measures are made.

(in Russian, стр.8, fig. 3, tables. 2, ref 11, Adobe PDF, Adobe PDF 0 Kb)

Vol. 20 (2017 year), No. 1, DOI: 10.21443/1560-9278-2017-20-1/1

Mel'nikov N. N., Gusak S. A., Naumov V. A.
Reactor units for power supply to the Russian Arctic regions: Priority assessment of nuclear energy sources

Under conditions of competitiveness of small nuclear power plants (SNPP) and feasibility of their use to supply power to remote and inaccessible regions the competition occurs between nuclear energy sources, which is caused by a wide range of proposals for solving the problem of power supply to different consumers in the decentralized area of the Russian Arctic power complex. The paper suggests a methodological approach for expert assessment of the priority of small power reactor units based on the application of the point system. The priority types of the reactor units have been determined based on evaluation of the unit's conformity to the following criteria: the level of referentiality and readiness degree of reactor units to implementation; duration of the fuel cycle, which largely determines an autonomy level of the nuclear energy source; the possibility of creating a modular block structure of SNPP; the maximum weight of a transported single equipment for the reactor unit; service life of the main equipment. Within the proposed methodological approach the authors have performed a preliminary ranking of the reactor units according to various criteria, which allows quantitatively determining relative difference and priority of the small nuclear power plants projects aimed at energy supply to the Russian Arctic. To assess the sensitivity of the ranking results to the parameters of the point system the authors have observed the five-point and ten-point scales under variations of importance (weights) of different criteria. The paper presents the results of preliminary ranking, which have allowed distinguishing the following types of the reactor units in order of their priority: ABV-6E (ABV-6M), "Uniterm" and SVBR-10 in the energy range up to 20 MW; RITM-200 (RITM-200M), KLT-40S and SVBR-100 in the energy range above 20 MW.

(in Russian, стр.10, fig. 0, tables. 6, ref 12, Adobe PDF, Adobe PDF 0 Kb)